Archive for the ‘ Science Journal ’ Category

Show And Tell – A Springboard For Math And Science Education

By Patricia Bentham

Before I started teaching, I imagined Show and Tell would consist of an interested group of young children listening politely to each other and passing items around with care. This assumption fell apart fairly quickly during my first year as a teacher. Although there were times that things ran smoothly, the problems with Show and Tell were many and I found myself avoiding the experience. Even four and five year old children competed about who brought the coolest things. The event became even less appealing as students wanted to have a turn playing with toys, bored children fidgeted, squirmed and lost interest or upset children disrupted the class routines as they tried to keep their items a secret. Show and Tell often became a weekly advertisement for the latest toy or fast food restaurant freebie.

Parents also complained of the stress of trying to remember Show and Tell days, of trying to help their child choose items to show or of dealing with indecisive children who wanted to bring something that would impress their classmates. Other parents took over the task completely, selecting objects and sending them with detailed notes to be read to the class or with instructions that no one was to touch the item nor was it to get broken. There had to be a better way.

In an effort to make Show and Tell work for the students, for me, and for busy parents, I picked one day a week for the activity and scheduled it as part of my math and science time. Everyone in the class was asked to bring the same item each week. I usually brought a few extras for the few who forgot. Instead of using show and tell times to give children practice in public speaking, I scheduled different days for them to speak in front of the class about something they had recorded in their math and science journals.

Parents received a letter explaining that the purpose of show and tell would be to extend the math, science and literacy programs by building vocabulary and practicing classification and comparative skills. The children were to have the responsibility of choosing the items, but from much narrower criteria.

The rules were: do not bring…

* anything valuable, anything that could not be touched by all, or anything that would upset the student greatly if it got broken
* anything alive, as students often have pet allergies and bugs in bottles are too often neglected
* items too large – ask – can they fit in a brown paper lunch bag? (exceptions here – books, and occasionally other items)
* toys – as they caused too many problems as mentioned previously

The parents were to remind their son or daughter to choose an item from the list, but not to interfere with their child’s choice as long as it fit with the weekly list.

I also sent home a Show and Tell list for the whole year. This had a short note that suggested that the parents post the list on the fridge at their child’s eye level, that they encourage the child to cross off each item weekly and to start looking for the next item, and that they remind the child to pack the item in their backpack the night before.

Classroom Show and Tell rules were: students were to bring the items into the class at the beginning of the day, label them with name tags (children have printed name tags in their take home boxes; tape is in most centers) and put them on the Show and Tell display table. The children were always very excited on Show and Tell mornings and I scheduled some free time for them to look at the items on the table and to tell a few classmates about their items.

Sample Show and Tell list

When creating a yearly Show and Tell list, put the date first, then the item to bring, illustrated with a simple drawing and finally a brief description of what the class activity will be. Keep the font large. Here is a sample from my list.

* An apple (not for snack) – sorting, classifying and measurement
* Something round – math vocabulary such as edges, face, circle, circular, classifying items by a variety of criteria such as size, color, material
* A leaf – sorting shapes, colors, counting points, graphing similar types, tracing leaf shapes on papers and creating charts of similar and different leaves
* Something shiny – comparison, vocabulary – reflection, reflect, testing (with a flashlight) how each item reflects light
* Something that can be recycled – knowledge of recycling, classifying items, counting, more, fewer
* An old greeting card – measurement with blocks. How many blocks long is your card? How many one inch squares cover your card? Graphing holiday images
* A shell – classify and sort by size, color, shape, observation drawings
* Something about Canada (map, flag, book, trinket) – awareness of Canadian symbols, shape of country, shapes of provinces, counting provinces, graphing occurrences of similar symbols

I generally chose objects that complemented monthly themes.

Sample Show and Tell Lesson with a Rock

The children place their Show and Tell rocks on the center of the carpet, and then sit down in a circle around them. I start with observation type questions. “What do you notice about the rocks? How are they the same? How are they different?

Let’s sort the rocks by size. Which rock looks the largest? Which rock is the smallest? Let’s make a long line.” Everybody takes a turn placing his or her rock with student or teacher suggestions to rearrange the rocks when necessary.

“Now let’s sort the rocks by darker colors and lighter colors. We can put the darker rocks on this plastic mat and the lighter ones on the other mat and the striped or speckled rocks in the middle.” When this activity is finished and depending on the group attention span you can further investigations. Examples, “Are there more dark rocks or more light rocks? Are there fewer dull rocks or fewer shiny ones? Let’s sort the rocks by which ones wobble and which ones do not wobble. ”

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Will Medical Journals Go the Way of the White Paper – Ultra Long Sales Letters?

By Lance Winslow

Apparently, there is a bit of stir in the biotech industry as one major big pharma company has put together a bunch of reports and research papers into a scientific journal like magazine. We’ve witnessed over the years how “whitepapers” went from pure research and scientific reports to ad hoc marketing pieces promoting company products and services. The problem with setting up a journal like format without identifying that it is solely produced by a company is that the reports inside may not have been peer reviewed like other scientific journals require.

Is this unethical? Some think so, some say anything goes, others warn it sets up an unfortunate precedence and since it works, others will follow, thus, questioning the scientific credibility of all science journals in biotech. Still, what other sectors of science might try this? Well, we know from the whitepaper marketing techniques that software companies, material companies, and manufacturing companies are probably inline for this scheme. According to The Scientist; ScienceBlogs Weekly Update:

“It was revealed Thursday that pharmaceutical company Merck, Sharp & Dohme paid Elsevier to produce a publication that gave the appearance of being a medical journal, but was actually a marketing promotion for Merck. The Australasian Journal of Bone and Joint Medicine, was written by the staff of Merck to favor Merck pharmaceuticals and lacked the unbiased peer review that is crucial to the credibility of medical journals, presenting evidence for the efficacy of a Merck drug when nonpharmacological therapy may have worked just as well.”

Perhaps, you can see the implications of this. If the scientific community comes down hard on this tactic, it may stop and thus, some self-policing may solve the problem, but if not and certainly a bio-tech company has enough money and public relations power to drown out the critics, then indeed, we might see this happening more and more. And maybe it is happening elsewhere presently, although we shall see? Think on this.